Herb Spiral

The herb Spiral is a popular and successful permaculture element, it provides a variety of positions (sun, shelter and shade) and levels of moisture (the top is dry and the base boggy). It is usually 1 meter high and contains all the plants which are constantly used -- the herbs: mints, thyme, marjoram, rosemary, sage, basil etc. It is a simple design. The center of the spiral is elevated and the ground falls as the spiral unfurls. This allows you to plant, dry soil plants like rosemary at the top and water loving plants at the bottom such as watercress, water chestnuts. You should be able to reach all the parts of the spiral without having to step into it.

Siting Herbs:

Here is a table providing information for the siting of a few common herbs.

Common name Sun/Shade Soil type
Lavender Sun facing poor soil, rocks
Catmint, clary sunny Fertile loam
Bee Balm Partial shade
Yarrow Partial shade
Comfrey sun/part shade moist
Oregano full sun good, well drained
Thyme sun well drained, fair soil
Tansy shade/morning sun good
Borage Full sun dry
Sage Full sun dry
Sweet bay Full sun frost tolerant container/med. soil.
Mints shade/part sun moist, fertile
Cumin Full sun poor-good
Coriander full sun shelter from wind, poor-good
Violet semi-shade competes well with grass in moist soil, shallow rooted.
Rosemary sun dry well drained soil
Garlic sun well rotted compost, moist well drained
Parsley full sun/part shade - likes afternoon sun Fertile humus rich soil
Lemon Balm Full sun/part shade Fertile, moist

Herbs which manage well in Clay soil include: Bee balm or bergamot, Comfrey, Mint, Wormwood, Mint.

Those suited to Wet soil: Angelica, Bee balm, Marshmallow (can become a weed) Meadowsweet, Self Heal, Valerian, Watercress, Waterchestnut.

Other small plants to include in shaded areas: Strawberries, alpine strawberries, violets, Angelica, swamp pennywort, warrigal greens.

Species which may tolerate frost include: Sweet bay, Sweet Fennel, Chickory, Watercress, Ginseng (prefers woodland), parsley, Dandelion Taraxacum officinale.